Compare Christmas Island (2006) - New Caledonia (2008)

Compare Christmas Island (2006) z New Caledonia (2008)

	Christmas Island (2006)	New Caledonia (2008)

Administrative divisions	none (territory of Australia)	none (overseas territory of France); there are no first-order administrative divisions as defined by the US Government, but there are 3 provinces named Province des Iles, Province Nord, and Province Sud
Age structure	0-14 years: NA 15-64 years: NA 65 years and over: NA (2006 est.)	0-14 years: 27.9% (male 31,578/female 30,270) 15-64 years: 65.3% (male 72,821/female 72,109) 65 years and over: 6.8% (male 7,047/female 8,118) (2007 est.)
Agriculture - products	NA	vegetables; beef, deer, other livestock products; fish
Airports	1 (2006)	25 (2007)
Airports - with paved runways	total: 1 1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2006)	total: 12 over 3,047 m: 1 914 to 1,523 m: 9 under 914 m: 2 (2007)
Airports - with unpaved runways	-	total: 13 914 to 1,523 m: 7 under 914 m: 6 (2007)
Area	total: 135 sq km land: 135 sq km water: 0 sq km	total: 19,060 sq km land: 18,575 sq km water: 485 sq km
Area - comparative	about three-quarters the size of Washington, DC	slightly smaller than New Jersey
Background	Named in 1643 for the day of its discovery, the island was annexed and settlement began by the UK in 1888. Phosphate mining began in the 1890s. The UK transferred sovereignty to Australia in 1958. Almost two-thirds of the island has been declared a national park.	Settled by both Britain and France during the first half of the 19th century, the island was made a French possession in 1853. It served as a penal colony for four decades after 1864. Agitation for independence during the 1980s and early 1990s ended in the 1998 Noumea Accord, which over a period of 15 to 20 years will transfer an increasing amount of governing responsibility from France to New Caledonia. The agreement also commits France to conduct as many as three referenda between 2013 and 2018, to decide whether New Caledonia should assume full sovereignty and independence.
Birth rate	NA	17.75 births/1,000 population (2007 est.)
Budget	revenues: $NA expenditures: $NA	revenues: $996 million expenditures: $1.072 billion (2001 est.)
Capital	name: The Settlement geographic coordinates: 18 44 N, 64 19 W time difference: UTC+7 (12 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)	name: Noumea geographic coordinates: 22 16 S, 166 27 E time difference: UTC+11 (16 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)
Climate	tropical with a wet and dry season; heat and humidity moderated by trade winds; wet season (December to April)	tropical; modified by southeast trade winds; hot, humid
Coastline	138.9 km	2,254 km
Constitution	Christmas Island Act of 1958-59 (1 October 1958) as amended by the Territories Law Reform Act of 1992	4 October 1958 (French Constitution)
Country name	conventional long form: Territory of Christmas Island conventional short form: Christmas Island	conventional long form: Territory of New Caledonia and Dependencies conventional short form: New Caledonia local long form: Territoire des Nouvelle-Caledonie et Dependances local short form: Nouvelle-Caledonie
Death rate	NA	5.72 deaths/1,000 population (2007 est.)
Debt - external	-	$79 million (1998 est.)
Dependency status	non-self governing territory of Australia; administered by the Australian Department of Transport and Regional Services	territorial collectivity of France since 1998
Diplomatic representation from the US	none (territory of Australia)	none (overseas territory of France)
Diplomatic representation in the US	none (territory of Australia)	none (overseas territory of France)
Disputes - international	none	Matthew and Hunter Islands east of New Caledonia claimed by France and Vanuatu
Economic aid - recipient	$NA	$524.3 million annual subsidy from France (2004)
Economy - overview	Phosphate mining had been the only significant economic activity, but in December 1987 the Australian Government closed the mine. In 1991, the mine was reopened. With the support of the government, a $34 million casino opened in 1993. The casino closed in 1998. The Australian Government in 2001 agreed to support the creation of a commercial space-launching site on the island, projected to begin operations in the near future.	New Caledonia has about 25% of the world's known nickel resources. Only a small amount of the land is suitable for cultivation, and food accounts for about 20% of imports. In addition to nickel, substantial financial support from France - equal to more than 15% of GDP - and tourism are keys to the health of the economy. Substantial new investment in the nickel industry, combined with the recovery of global nickel prices, brightens the economic outlook for the next several years.
Electricity - consumption	-	1.403 billion kWh (2005)
Electricity - exports	-	0 kWh (2005)
Electricity - imports	-	0 kWh (2005)
Electricity - production	-	1.508 billion kWh (2005)
Elevation extremes	lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m highest point: Murray Hill 361 m	lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m highest point: Mont Panie 1,628 m
Environment - current issues	loss of rainforest; impact of phosphate mining	erosion caused by mining exploitation and forest fires
Ethnic groups	Chinese 70%, European 20%, Malay 10% note: no indigenous population (2001)	Melanesian 42.5%, European 37.1%, Wallisian 8.4%, Polynesian 3.8%, Indonesian 3.6%, Vietnamese 1.6%, other 3%
Exchange rates	Australian dollars per US dollar - 1.3095 (2005), 1.3598 (2004), 1.5419 (2003), 1.8406 (2002), 1.9334 (2001)	Comptoirs Francais du Pacifique francs (XPF) per US dollar - NA (2007), 95.025 (2006), 95.89 (2005), 96.04 (2004), 105.66 (2003)
Executive branch	chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952), represented by the Australian governor general head of government: Administrator Neil LUCAS (since 30 January 2006) elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; administrator appointed by the governor general of Australia and represents the monarch and Australia	chief of state: President Nicolas SARKOZY (since 16 May 2007); represented by High Commissioner Yves DASSONVILLE (since 9 November 2007) head of government: President of the Government Harold MARTIN (since 7 August 2007) cabinet: Cabinet consisting of 11 members elected from and by the Territorial Congress elections: French president elected by popular vote for a five-year term; high commissioner appointed by the French president on the advice of the French Ministry of Interior; president of the government elected by the members of the Territorial Congress for a five-year term (no term limits); note - last election held 7 August 2007 when Harold MARTIN was elected following the resignation of Marie-Noelle THEMEREAU as president on 24 July 2007 (next to be held in 2012)
Exports	$NA	605.7 bbl/day (2004)
Exports - commodities	phosphate	ferronickels, nickel ore, fish
Exports - partners	Australia, NZ (2004)	Japan 17.4%, France 15.9%, Taiwan 14.5%, China 10.8%, Spain 9.4%, Belgium 7.3%, Italy 6%, Australia 4.6% (2006)
Fiscal year	1 July - 30 June	calendar year
Flag description	territorial flag; divided diagonally from upper hoist to lower fly; the upper triangle is green with a yellow image of the Golden Bosun Bird superimposed, while the lower triangle is blue with the Southern Cross constellation, representing Australia, superimposed; a centered yellow disk displays a green map of the island; the flag of Australia is used for official purposes	the flag of France is used
GDP - composition by sector	-	agriculture: 15% industry: 8.8% services: 76.2% (2003)
GDP - real growth rate	-	NA%
Geographic coordinates	10 30 S, 105 40 E	21 30 S, 165 30 E
Geography - note	located along major sea lanes of Indian Ocean	consists of the main island of New Caledonia (one of the largest in the Pacific Ocean), the archipelago of Iles Loyaute, and numerous small, sparsely populated islands and atolls
Heliports	-	6 (2007)
Household income or consumption by percentage share	-	lowest 10%: NA% highest 10%: NA%
Imports	$NA	11,980 bbl/day (2004)
Imports - commodities	consumer goods	machinery and equipment, fuels, chemicals, foodstuffs
Imports - partners	principally Australia (2004)	France 39.4%, Singapore 15.1%, Australia 11.3%, NZ 4.8% (2006)
Independence	none (territory of Australia)	none (overseas territory of France); note - a referendum on independence was held in 1998 but did not pass; a new referendum is scheduled for 2014
Industrial production growth rate	-	-0.6% (1996)
Industries	tourism, phosphate extraction (near depletion)	nickel mining and smelting
Infant mortality rate	total: NA male: NA female: NA	total: 7.42 deaths/1,000 live births male: 8.12 deaths/1,000 live births female: 6.69 deaths/1,000 live births (2007 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices)	-	1.4% (2000 est.)
International organization participation	none	ITUC, PIF (associate member), SPC, UPU, WFTU, WMO
Irrigated land	NA	100 sq km (2003)
Judicial branch	Supreme Court; District Court; Magistrate's Court	Court of Appeal or Cour d'Appel; County Courts; Joint Commerce Tribunal Court; Children's Court
Labor force	NA	78,990 (2004)
Labor force - by occupation	-	agriculture: 20% industry: 20% services: 60% (2002)
Land boundaries	0 km	0 km
Land use	arable land: 0% permanent crops: 0% other: 100% (mainly tropical rainforest; 63% of the island is a national park) (2005)	arable land: 0.32% permanent crops: 0.22% other: 99.46% (2005)
Languages	English (official), Chinese, Malay	French (official), 33 Melanesian-Polynesian dialects
Legal system	under the authority of the governor general of Australia and Australian law	based on French civil law; the 1988 Matignon Accords grant substantial autonomy to the islands
Legislative branch	unicameral Christmas Island Shire Council (9 seats; members elected by popular vote to serve four-year terms) elections: held every two years with half the members standing for election; last held in May 2005 (next to be held in May 2007) election results: percent of vote - NA; seats - independents 9	unicameral Territorial Congress or Congres du territoire (54 seats; members belong to the three Provincial Assemblies or Assemblees Provinciales elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms) elections: last held 9 May 2004 (next to be held in 2009) election results: percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - RPCR-UMP 16, AE 16, UNI-FLNKS 8, UC 7, FN 4, others 3 note: New Caledonia currently holds one seat in the French Senate; by 2010, New Caledonia will gain a second seat in the French Senate; elections last held 24 September 2001 (next to be held not later than September 2007); results - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - UMP 1; New Caledonia also elects two seats to the French National Assembly; elections last held 10 and 17 June 2007 (next to be held on June 2012); results - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - UMP 2
Life expectancy at birth	total population: NA male: NA female: NA	total population: 74.5 years male: 71.52 years female: 77.63 years (2007 est.)
Literacy	NA	definition: age 15 and over can read and write total population: 96.2% male: 96.8% female: 95.5% (1996 census)
Location	Southeastern Asia, island in the Indian Ocean, south of Indonesia	Oceania, islands in the South Pacific Ocean, east of Australia
Map references	Southeast Asia	Oceania
Maritime claims	territorial sea: 12 nm contiguous zone: 12 nm exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm	territorial sea: 12 nm exclusive economic zone: 200 nm
Merchant marine	-	total: 2 ships (1000 GRT or over) 3,566 GRT/2,543 DWT by type: cargo 1, passenger/cargo 1 (2007)
Military - note	defense is the responsibility of Australia	defense is the responsibility of France
Military branches	-	no regular indigenous military forces; French Armed Forces (includes Army, Navy, Air Force, Gendarmerie); Police Force
Military expenditures - percent of GDP	-	NA
National holiday	Australia Day, 26 January (1788)	Bastille Day, 14 July (1789)
Nationality	noun: Christmas Islander(s) adjective: Christmas Island	noun: New Caledonian(s) adjective: New Caledonian
Natural hazards	the narrow fringing reef surrounding the island can be a maritime hazard	cyclones, most frequent from November to March
Natural resources	phosphate, beaches	nickel, chrome, iron, cobalt, manganese, silver, gold, lead, copper
Net migration rate	NA	0 migrant(s)/1,000 population note: there has been steady emigration from Wallis and Futuna to New Caledonia (2007 est.)
Political parties and leaders	none	Alliance pour la Caledonie or APLC [Didier LE ROUX]; Caledonian Union or UC; Federation des Comites de Coordination des Independantistes or FCCI [Francois BURCK]; Front National or FN [Guy GEORGE]; Front Uni de Liberation Kanak or FULK [Ernest UNE]; Kanak Socialist Front for National Liberation or FLNKS (includes PALIKA, UNI, UC, and UPM); Parti de Liberation Kanak or PALIKA [Paul NEAOUTYINE and Elie POIGOUNE]; Rally for Caledonia in the Republic (anti independence) or RPCR-UMP [Jacques LAFLEUR]; The Future Together or AE [Harold MARTIN]; Union Nationale pour l'Independance or UNI [Paul NEAOUTYINE]; note - may no longer exist, but Paul NEAOUTYINE has since become a president of Parti de Liberation Kanak or PALIKA; Union Progressiste Melanesienne or UPM [Victor TUTUGORO]
Political pressure groups and leaders	none	NA
Population	1,493 (July 2006 est.)	221,943 (July 2007 est.)
Population below poverty line	-	NA%
Population growth rate	0% (2006 est.)	1.203% (2007 est.)
Radio broadcast stations	AM 1, FM 2, shortwave 0 (2006)	AM 1, FM 5, shortwave 0 (1998)
Religions	Buddhist 36%, Muslim 25%, Christian 18%, other 21% (1997)	Roman Catholic 60%, Protestant 30%, other 10%
Sex ratio	NA	at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.043 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.01 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.868 male(s)/female total population: 1.009 male(s)/female (2007 est.)
Suffrage	-	18 years of age; universal
Telephone system	general assessment: service provided by the Australian network domestic: GSM mobile telephone service replaced older analog system in February 2005 international: country code - 61-8; satellite earth stations - one INTELSAT earth station provides telephone and telex service (2005)	general assessment: NA domestic: a submarine cable network connection between New Caledonia and Australia, scheduled for completion in 2008, will improve high-speed connectivity and access to international networks international: country code - 687; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Pacific Ocean)
Telephones - main lines in use	NA	55,300 (2005)
Telephones - mobile cellular	NA	134,300 (2005)
Television broadcast stations	0; note - TV broadcasts received via satellite from mainland Australia (2006)	6 (plus 25 repeaters) (1997)
Terrain	steep cliffs along coast rise abruptly to central plateau	coastal plains with interior mountains
Total fertility rate	NA	2.25 children born/woman (2007 est.)
Unemployment rate	-	17.1% (2004)

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